Link Budget gains:
it is the summation of some component of the network which add gain to the system. there are three types of gains :
1- Antenna gains:
this gain of NodeB depends on the type of antenna as shown below
OMNI ANTENNA
|
BI ANTENNA
|
TRI ANTENNA
|
11
|
17
|
17
|
and the gain of UE value is Zero.
2 -TMA gain:
gain due to using TMA solutions and it depends on the type of TMA as shown below
TMATYPE
|
GAIN
|
TMA_12
|
12
|
TMA_24
|
24
|
3- SHO (Soft Hand Over ) gain:
as we know the UMTS system provide a new technique of hand over for more efficient hand over this technique is called soft hand over and this technique add gain to the system . this gain within the range of 3.2dB in downlink and 2dB in Uplink.
4-Clutter type:
it is a definition for the area need to be planned ,there are several types of area like Dense Urban ,Urban, Sub Urban and rural area.
-Dense Area Description : the area is flat and densely populated with buildings. there are plenty of skyscrapers with more than 30 floor and with average height of 50 m and the distance between building is very narrow.
the density of population is high and the distribution is greatly affected by time, Most of people are indoor.
-Urban Area Description : areas in the center of city or edge of cities and the average height of the building is appropriately 20 m and it is equally spaced between buildings , there are open and green areas.
-Sub Urban Description : areas with cities and countries , The average height of buildings is between 10 to 20 m and there are large spaces between building with large and wide roads.
-Rural Areas Description: areas with very large separated space between buildings and with average height 5m to 10 m.
5-Processing Gain :
the processing gain represent the ratio between chip rate ad user bit rate in dB.
processing gain = 10 log (SF). which SF is the spreading factor which depends on the service rate ....for more details look at table 5 and table 6
for Circuit Switching (CS):
Service
Rte
|
12.2
kbps
|
64Kbps
|
DL spreading Factor
|
128
|
32
|
UL spreading Factor
|
64
|
16
|
for Packet Switching (PS):
Service rate
|
64kbps
|
128kbps
|
384kbps
|
DL
|
32
|
16
|
8
|
UL
|
16
|
16
|
16
|
6 Morphology:
there are five main morphology considered in mobile network planning with specified channel mode.. for more details see table 7. BUT in Egypt we use the velocity of 0 or 3 km/h only in all area types and use the first two channel modes.
Morphology
|
Channel mode
|
velocity
|
Dense Urban
|
ETU3
|
3km/h
|
Urban
|
ETU30
|
30km/h
|
Sub Urban
|
ETU60
|
60km/h
|
Rural
|
EVA120
|
120km/h
|
High way
|
HST
|
350km/h
|
7 Eb/No parameter:
one of the most important parameter which is considered when calculating SIR and the sensitivity which enter in MAPL calculation. it's value depends on the Morphology, category of data as uplink Eb/No differ from downlink Eb/No and service rate. for more details see table 8,9,10 and 11.
for circuit switching (DL):
12.2kbps
|
64kbps
|
|
Speed of user 0km/h (fixed)
|
5.1
|
5
|
Speed of user 3km/h
|
13.4
|
7.78
|
Speed of user 50km/h
|
10.8
|
15
|
Speed of user 120km/h
|
7.8
|
10.4
|
for Packet switching (DL):
64kbps
|
128kbps
|
384kbps
|
|
Speed of user 0km/h (fixed)
|
4.7
|
7.9
|
11.4
|
Speed of user 3km/h
|
3.9
|
7.2
|
10.8
|
Speed of user 50km/h
|
11.4
|
9.7
|
11.3
|
Speed of user 120km/h
|
9.7
|
8.8
|
12
|
for circuit switching (UL):
12.2kbps
|
64kbps
|
|
Speed of user 0km/h (fixed)
|
5.1
|
1.7
|
Speed of user 3km/h
|
11.9
|
9.2
|
Speed of user 50km/h
|
9
|
6.4
|
Speed of user 120km/h
|
7.2
|
3.8
|
for circuit switching (UL):
64kbps
|
|
Speed of user 0km/h (fixed)
|
1.5
|
Speed of user 3km/h
|
6.2
|
Speed of user 50km/h
|
4.3
|
Speed of user 120km/h
|
3.4
|
8 Noise figure:
it is the ratio between ( input signal /input noise )to (output signal/output noise).
it's value differ from vendor to another. but practical we use 7dB for UE and 2.3dB for nodeB.
